Neurological illnesses are diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. In other words, the muscles, the autonomic nervous system, the spinal cord, the cranial nerves, the peripheral nerves, and the nerve roots. These conditions include neurological disorders brought on by malnutrition, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke, migraine and other headache disorders, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and neuroinfections.
Numerous bacterial, viral, fungal, parasite, and fungi infections—including Mycobacterial TB, Neisseria meningitides, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), enteroviruses, West Nile virus, and Zika—can have an impact on the nervous system. Neurological symptoms may develop as a result of the illness or an immunological response.
Neurological problems affect hundreds of millions of individuals globally. Every year, more than 6 million people suffer from strokes; more than 80% of these fatalities occur in low- and middle-income nations. Over 50 million people worldwide suffer from epilepsy.The number of persons with dementia is estimated to be 47.5 million worldwide, with 7.7 million new cases occurring each year. Alzheimer's disease is the most frequent cause of dementia and may be to blame for 60-70% of cases. More than 10% of the world's population suffers from migraines.