Biological techniques, such as extraction from living systems, or recombinant DNA technologies are used to create the majority of biopharmaceutical medications. There have been recent developments in pharmaceutical biotechnology. Recombinant DNA Technologies: Fundamental Techniques and Tools, Vectors, Cloning Techniques, and Host Systems Genetic engineering has produced recombinant therapeutic proteins, vaccines, recombinant blood products, therapeutic enzymes, nucleic acids, and cell-based pharmaceuticals.